Mothers Reclaiming Our Children ( Roc ) - 1529 Words

Mothers Reclaiming our Children (ROC) is one of the organizations that deals with issues that involves criminal justice system. The organization began its operations in the year 1992 in Los Angeles County with the stakeholders being few mothers amongst other men being led by the president Barbara Meredith (Afary, 2009). There is evidence in the communities about the risks that individuals go through especially in the comparison between the blacks and the whites in the United States of America. The black men have their chances limited or adversely affected exclusively in relation to criminal activities. The racial differences tend to contribute the minorities receiving brutal treatment from the police officers. The children get to face longer and worse juvenile experiences as compared to the white kids. The police violence cases have gained popularity in the recent years with some of the community members terming the scenarios as post-racial experiences (Gilmore, 2004). Arguments have been established suggesting that the society lives or exists in two nations. One of the nations is perceived to consist of the blacks and the rest being the whites. The various views concerning the citizens in the US contributed to the members of the community initiating a program to assist in curbing injustices existing concerning the racial differences. The directive of this report is to identify the issues contributing to the increased racial segregation and police brutality in the society.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Eyes Of The Sky 951 Words   |  4 Pagesin protecting the youth in her area from corrupt Los Angeles police department officers. The love that Theresa has for her son is represented in many ways, one of which being her determination to fight against corruption. She is a single mother living in South Central Los Angeles who wants to see a change within her community after her nephew Tiny is killed in a drive-by constructed by undercover police. Her son Dwayne gives her the idea to create an organization to help fight against the

Subtypes of Schizophrenia Free Essays

Paranoid Type People with paranoid type of schizophrenia suffered from delusions and hallucinations (mostly auditory), but they can speak logically and give appropriate emotional responses since their cognitive skills and affect are intact. These patients may have delusions and hallucinations characterized by themes of grandeur or persecution, i.e. We will write a custom essay sample on Subtypes of Schizophrenia or any similar topic only for you Order Now thinking themselves as famous persons or being persecuted, so these usually make them less likely to get social support. Disorganized Type People with disorganized schizophrenia perform disrupted speech and behavior. They may jump from topic to topic suddenly in their speech and this make their conversation illogical. Sometimes they show blunt affected or inappropriate emotional responses, for example, they may cry after listening to a joke. If they also experienced delusions and hallucinations, these false thinking and perception will appear to be fragmented and disorganized. Catatonic Type People with catatonic type of schizophrenia will hold their bodies in specific positions for a long time. If someone tries to change their rigid gestures, they will keep their bodies in the original positions again and this is called waxy flexibility. In contract to waxy flexibility, sometimes they are excessively active. They may also display odd bodily mannerisms and facial expressions and often mimic the words or movements of others. Undifferentiated Type People with undifferentiated type of schizophrenia suffered from the major symptoms of the disorder, but they do not fit neatly into the three subtypes mentioned above. Residual Type People with residual type of schizophrenia have had at least one episode of schizophrenia but they no longer display major schizophrenic symptoms. They may experience residual or ‘leftover’ symptoms, such as negative belief, social withdrawal, bizarre thoughts, inactivity and flat affect. Other Psychotic Disorders People with other psychotic disorders may display similar symptoms as schizophrenia but these symptoms do not fit neatly into the diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia. Other psychotic disorders include the following categories. Schizophreniform Disorder Some people have suffered from the symptom of schizophrenia for a few months, and after treatment, the symptoms disappear for no apparent reason. This type of disorder was classified as schizophreniform disorder. Schizoaffective Disorder The patients with schizophrenic symptoms and also mood disorders are diagnosed as schizoaffective disorder. Delusional Disorder This type of patients suffered from no other symptoms of schizophrenia except delusion, and their delusions are not realistic. These delusions are not due to organic factors such as brain seizures. Brief Psychotic Disorder Patients with brief psychotic disorder suffered from one or more positive symptoms, or disorganized speech or behavior lasting 1 month or less. The patients then regain the ability of functioning in daily living. This disorder can be triggered by severe life stressors suddenly. Shared Psychotic Disorder (Folie a Deux) People suffered from shared psychotic disorder because they are influenced by schizophrenic delusional patients who have very close relationship with them. They experienced delusions which are originated from these delusional individuals with similar themes and nature. How to cite Subtypes of Schizophrenia, Essay examples

I. BACKGROUND Essay Example For Students

I. BACKGROUND Essay The location was a moderate to large size city near the east coast of Massachusetts. The city has a mix of all races and is diverse in its racial distribution. It is a city where most of the people are middle class working folks. While it is a moderate size city, it has few city problems such as homelessness, poverty and violence. The year was 1992 and it was the summertime. It was very hot and humid at about 11:30 at night and I was in a car driving around looking for something to do. It was a boring Tuesday night so I decided to go to a big video arcade hangout called Funworld. There is a number of video games as well as young people. The establishment is a large building with a large parking lot. I was with three other people in the parking lot when we were approached by a group of three other gentlemen. I myself am a caucasian male under 21 years of age. Two of the people I was with were upperclass caucasian males also under the age of 21. The last person was also under 21 and male, but he was African-American. One of the caucasians was a close friend and another was an acquaintance. The African-American was also a friend of mine. Of the three gentlemen that approached us, two were hispanic males that appeared to be over 21 and the other was a caucasian male that appeared over 21, although I couldnt be sure. Although I didnt want to make any judgements about them, they looked as if they were poorly dressed and over 21. So I deduced that they were in a gang or they were drug dealers, high school dropouts, etc.;. II.ACTIONAt first it appeared as if both groups would just pass by each other unnoticed but the caucasian male in the other group made a racist remark about my African-American friend. He said Look at those dumb dudes walking with that fucking spade. My African-American Dave turned around suddenly and said What the fuck did you say? The caucasian male retorted None of your fucking business dick! At this point both groups approached each other and then my friend Dave said You wanna go, in response the other kid said Lets go! and shoved him in the chest. The other two of the caucasian males friends jumped on top of Dave and then we all kind of got into a fight. We were mostly just pushing and shoving each other at first. After about a minute of pushing, two of the guys jumped on Dave and one jumped on my friend Chris. When I was looking at this I noticed that Chris, who is well-built, and the hispanic were mostly wrestling, but Dave was really getting hit. My first instinct was to help Dave, of course, because he was getting killed and Chris was okay. To my surprise however, my friend Dan helped Chris. I immediately jumped in to help Dave even though I was equally good friends with Chris and Dave. Dave was getting hit the hardest and needed help bad. I pulled one of the guys off Dave and then pulled the other off. By this time Chris and Dan had easily overpowered the hispanic kid, and when the three kids saw it was four against three, they just ran off when they saw that there was more of us than of them. I helped Dave off the ground, and saw that he had a bloody nose, but he seemed okay when I asked. Chris and Dan were fine and didnt show any ill effects at all. When I saw the hispanic people and the way that they were dressed I started wondering if they were going to start any trouble. My attitude toward was possibly prejudiced, but under the circumstances, at night with the clothing that was being worn, I think (obviously correctly), that I was right in the conclusion that they were out to cause trouble. I was taught no to the prejudiced, but in this situation Im wondering if what I did was considered prejudiced because I was correct in my first assumption of them. The problem is that though the actual instigator seemed to be that caucasian male from the other group, and not the hispanics. I feel a bit puzzled as to how my thinking and value or belief system could be construed in that situation. I believed that they would cause problems and they did cause problems; but was it the wrong thing to believe? I dont knowIII. REFLECTIONLooking back at the event I keep thinking about why Dan went over to help Chris who was doing fine, instead of h elping Dave who was getting killed. Dan is not friends with either of the two but merely acquaintances with both of them. It may not be right but I keep thinking. that there was a little racial motivation in the fact that Dan went to help Chris and not Dave. Why else would he have helped Chris instead of Dave. I also noticed that he wasnt too sympathetic to Daves feelings and didnt rush over to see how he was doing, or if he was hurtAt first these thoughts didnt really enter my mind, but the next day when I looked back on it and examined what had transpired, I started thinking that perhaps there were some hidden racial overtones in how Dan acted. Although he didnt say anything or act offensively to Dave, perhaps not being either of the two, I was able to notice their actions and how Dan was acting towards Dave. .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 , .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 .postImageUrl , .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 , .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60:hover , .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60:visited , .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60:active { border:0!important; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60:active , .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60 .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub408fa904a0ee56fb0f782c3541f9f60:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Spontaneous Generation EssayI was feeling confused and hurt at the game time. I was feeling confused because I didnt know why one of my friends would act this way. If one of my friends did act this way then I was hurt both because of the gap between my values and his as well as feeling confused as to when he started acting this way, or if he had always been racist and I just didnt notice. I was starting to wonder if I knew my friends as well as I though or if perhaps we have drifted in different directions in values and beliefs. I dont know what role my thoughts and feelings played in the altercation between the two groups other than the fact that I thought of helping my friends. I also felt a great amount of hatred towards the hispanic race. Looking back I know that was wrong but at the time when my friends and I were in a fight with them I hated them so much I wanted to kill them. I know I wouldnt have if it came down to it, but because of two people I hated their entire race. I think the fact that I was white and one of my friends was black and another of my friends was white affected the situation largely. Also to a degree the fact that two of the other men were hispanic and the amount of hatred I felt toward them. As for my friend, for a couple of seconds I almost felt ashamed to be white, because someone of my own race was being prejudiced towards my Afro-American friend. Although I dont want to make it seem as if I am ashamed to be white, at the time I felt as if I had to represent my whole race in feeling bad towards what happened to my friend Dave and also how my friend Dan acted. I think a factor that has not been discussed that was prevalent in this case was the fact that the three other gentlemen started the altercation and not us. This made me feel more hostile towards them and the fact that we really had nothing to do with the fight starting, but yet because of the fact that we were three caucasians and an Afro-American was different to them. They didnt like what they saw so they tried to change it by any means possible. I think that Dan was perhaps confused and perhaps upset at the same time. He was struggling internally because two people he knew were involved in a fight and he had to make a choice between the two as to which one to help. On the one hand one person he knew was white and in a fight but he didnt seem like he needed help. On the other hand, Dave who is African American seemed like he needed help in a fight but didnt get any except from me. Chris was thinking that the other three men had no right to do what they did and they would have to pay for their actions as well as their words. I really cant say what the white man was thinking when he said that because I dont know why anyone would do something like that. As for the other two, I know that they felt the same and got more than they bargained for when we got in a fight. I think that the different social groups here create an obvious issue. The fact that a white and two hispanics were fighting against an African American and two whites shows that the race was the key factor. This fight alone was a melting pot of individuals. I think in my mind that the fat that Dan was white affected his decisions, not in a big way, but in some sort of way. I dont really know about the other three, but as for Chris and I, race affected us in terms of white and hispanic because thats who we were mad at the most. I dont know why this would be the case, but it just was. .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 , .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 .postImageUrl , .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 , .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199:hover , .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199:visited , .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199:active { border:0!important; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199:active , .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199 .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2cee22109e5cea9e1890f586f5da1199:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Critique: Getting Off The Welfare Carousel EssayI believe that African-American viewing this would have felt the most strongly. The event they would have sen unfolding in front of them would have hurt a lot. They would have jumped in to help not only my friend Dave but also all of us because we were all trying to fight for the same thing out there. African-Americans also would have been puzzled as to why one white man would help out a black man but not two. The way events unfolded would have made them think twice. In an odd way I feel another thing that would have made people jump in to help was the fact that a caucasian and an African-American were fighting for each other . As much as we hate to admit it that is not a scene we see nearly enough of in this day and age. Something has got to be done about it immediately(I think I got all of it cut over)

The story line of the movie is Oskar Shindler come Essay Example For Students

The story line of the movie is Oskar Shindler come Essay s in as a broke man, and starts a metal factory. He makes allot of money, but at first thats all he was in it for. After seeing hundreds a Jews being killed, or murdered he started to feel sorry for them. Oskar made a list of around 1,100 people and buys them to work for him so they dont get tortchered or murdered. He went broke from buying all the Jews. The war ends and Oskar says good by to all the people he saved because he has to flee so they dont find and kill him because he is a Notzie. We will write a custom essay on The story line of the movie is Oskar Shindler come specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The story starts out in September 1939 after Poland was taken over. The Jews are being forced to one side of the town. March 20, 1941 deadline for entering the Ghetto march 13, 1943 was the liquidation of the Ghettos. The Jews start to hide so they dont have to go to the concentration camps, Plaszow forced labor camps were Oskars workers lived. People from Shindlers list were moved to Zwittau-Brinneitz Czechoslacia, Oskar Shindlers home town. Culture setting was very sad. The main religions were Jewish, and Natzizum. There living in concentration camps. No money, very little food, and diseases all around. The main characters in the movie are Oskar Shindler, and his friend Itzahak Stern who helped run the factory. Oskar starts to feel bad for the Jews. That leads him to start saving them. The turning point is when Oskar and Itzhak sit down to make the list of Jews that he will buy. The falling actions is when the war ends and Oskar is saying good by to more than1,100 Jews he saved. When he is given a gold ring made from the teeth of Itzhak, and Oskar leaves. The movie ends with all the surviving Jews that Oskar saved, setting stones on the memorial grave of Oskar Shindler. The main message, I think the director is trying to get across is how much difference one man can do. The sensitivity shown by Oskar. Not by words but buy facial expressions. Toward the end he started to speak his sensitivity. My reaction to this video is feeling sorry for the Jews. It gives me a visual of how many Jews there actually were. I dont know who would like this movie because its a very graphic, and sad movie. What it had to say was very much worth the time to watch it.

The Secret to ACT Math Mastering the Time Crunch

The Secret to ACT Math Mastering the Time Crunch SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The ACT is a complex test thatrequires both an understanding of how the test works and a strategic approach to beat. The more you know about the secrets of each section, the better you'll be at maximizing your overall point-gain and getting the scores you want. And today we're here to walk you through how to do your very best on the ACT math section. Each subject section requires its own unique approach, and the ACT math section can give even some of the highest math achievers a run for their money. But luckily we’re here to help! We'll takeyou through the most important strategy you’ll need toknow andteach you how toconquer the ACT math section once and for all. ACT MathBasics Before we talk strategy, it’s crucial that you understand exactly what the ACT math section looks like and how it’s structured. The ACT math section is- like all the ACT subject sections- complete and contained.This means that there is only one math section in the entire test, and you cannot come back to it once the time is complete. You must maintainyour focus duringyour allotted time, as you will get only one chance to do well on your math section per ACT. Every ACT will give you60 math questions in 60 minutes- an average of one minute per question- and the questions get more and more difficult as you go. So questions1-10 will be fairlysimple and quick to complete, while questions 50-60 will be considerably more difficult. Don't be alarmed if completing 60 math questions in 60 minutes sounds like a trickyprospect! This is a fast paced test for almost all students, but coming prepared and knowing the secrets for how to tackle the math section will help you to raise those scores. The Secret to Doing Well on the ACT Math Section Long story short? The biggest hurdle of the ACT math section is the time crunch. If allowed to take the test at a leisurely pace, many students find that they only miss a small number of ACT math questions (either from misunderstanding the question or because of a lack of math content knowledge).But putting students on such a fast clock tends to ratchet up anxiety, leads students to make sloppy mistakes, and can make even the most level-headed student forget how to work through familiar problems. Keep in mind that many students do not finish the math section in the allotted 60 minutes.The test is purposefully designed so that a large number of students don’t make it to the end of the section having read and answered each question.So don’t feel like you’ve done something wrong if you can’t complete your math section before the time is up. The secret to doing well on the ACT math section lies in mastering yourtiming.You must keep track of the clock, develop a timing plan before the test (and stick to it!), and walk that fine balance between speed and accuracy.After all, if you can reach the end of your 60 questions but get33% of themwrong due to sloppy errors, then you’re no better off than had youslowed down and answered the first 40 questions perfectly Do keep in mind that youwon'thave any kind of outside force to help you measure your time or keep track of the progression of that 60 minutes, so definitely bring a watch (or at least keep careful track of the classroom clock). Your best friend during the ACT. How to Improve Your ACT Math Performance Because the secret to doing well on the ACT math section is all about your timing, you'll want to have a game plan and timing schedule worked out before test day. Your timing schedule willbe based on your practice performance, your personal math pace, and your scoring goals, so don't worry if your game plan looks different than anyone else's. Keep focusedon how you, and you alone, can maximize your ACT math section point gain. To begin, break the math section into chunks and set timing goals for completing each one.(Note that your timing will besomething to fine tune as you complete your study regimenand as you take your practice tests. Over time, you will improveand will have to tweak your final timing, which iswhy practicing and keeping track of your progress overtime is essential.) It's simplest to break the math section into three parts: the first 20 questions (â€Å"easy†), questions 21-40 (â€Å"medium†), and questions 41 - 60 (â€Å"hard†), and allot a specific amount of time to each section. We'll break down more specific timing strategies based on your current and ideal scoresbelow, but there is still one tip to keep in mind for all scorers: because the question difficulty increases in ascending order, it’s not optimal to give each math section (easy, medium, hard)the same amount of time. You'll instead make the most out of your time if you giveyourselfless time for the first section, spend the majority of your time on the middle section, and dedicatetheremaining time tothe lastsection. As you try your timing techniques, experiment by increasing your pace until the point at which your accuracy significantly drops off. Then back up a step from there.Maybe you only need 10 minutes to accurately answer the first 20 questions, or maybe you need 20 or 25 minutes. You’ll find your best pace through trial and error, so take our timing schedules as a baselinewith which to start. Now, depending on what your score goals are, let's see how this works in action by breaking down the timing into more detail and setting those baselines. For Students Aiming for a Score of≠¤ 26 If you're looking to get a maximum score of 26, then your best bet is to ignore those last 20 "hard" questions altogether. Focus your attention and your timing strategies on the first 40 questions only. This will maximize your chances for getting those first 40 questions correct, while still leaving you an opportunity to gainout a handfulofpoints in the "hard" section. (How will you still earnpointsfrom questions 41-60? Make sure you always guess on any question you don't know the answer to. For more information about how to make the most of your guesswork, check out the best strategy for "blind" guessing on the ACT.) By focusing your time and attention on the first 40 questions alone, you'll be able to slow down and give each question your best shot. Start by breaking your timing down into three chunks like so: Questions 1-20: 25 minutes Questions 21-40: 32 minutes Questions 41-60: 3 minutes (just to fill in the bubbles) Again, your timing will change over time and you can feel free to tweak it here and there as it suits you, but take this as a place to begin your timing strategy. For Students Aiming for a Score of 26 - 30 If you're aiming for a mid-high score in the 26-30 range, you'll focus most of your time on the first 50 questions and give yourself a relatively short amount of time for the last 10. Start by breaking down your timing into the following chunks: Questions 1-20: 15 minutes Questions 21-40: 25 minutes Questions 41 - 60: 20 minutes It may feel strange not togive yourself the most time on the difficult section, but remember that each question is worth the same amount of points (one). Slowing down to maximize your point gain in the mid-level section can often garner you more points overall than trying to speedthrough the test or spending too much time attemptingto answer the most difficult questions. Because you're focusing most of your attention on the first 50 questions, just skim the last 10 questionsand select the ones you feel you can do quickly and accurately.Allot yourself 5-10 minutes for questions 51-60, but don’t approach them one-by-one in order.Instead, take a minute or two to briefly look over each question and mark the ones you feel that you can do (or even just the ones you know enough about to be able to eliminate an answer choice or two). Answer the ones you marked as best you can and make your best blind guesses for the rest. By sacrificing some of your short remaining time to selecting the easiest or most familiar questions of the last 10, you will be able to maximize your overall points. And it will help prevent you from taking on a question that will occupy too much of your limited time, effort, and concentration. For Students Aiming for a Score of ≠¥ 31 If you're aiming for a score of 31 or above, you'll need to look at and (at least attempt to) answer every questionon the ACT math section. Though you'll still want to dedicate the slight majority of your time to the middle 20 questionsof the test, you'll need to minimizeyour time spendon the first 20 questions and increase your time for the last 20 as much as you comfortably can. But why spend the majority of your time in the middle section still? Doing well on the ACT is a constant balance between speed and accuracy. Questions 21-40 are where the test shifts gears and these questions can be deceptive, often appearing"easier" than they actually are. If you can maintain accuracy in the first40 questions while going faster, then feel free to do so. But try this timing schedule to start: Questions 1-20: 12 minutes Questions 21-40: 25 minutes Questions 41 - 60: 23 minutes Always keep in mind that your job is to maximize your overall points, so don’t get hung up on any one question.Learning how and when to move on from a question is all about being strict with your timing and paying attention to how you’re using it. Mastering the ACT is a matter of strategy. Take the time to prepare beforehand and you'll have the edge. Conclusion: Mastering ACT Math Timing For most students, the "math" part of the ACT math section isn't actually the most difficult aspect of the test- it's the time crunch. If you were allowed to take the test in as leisurelya manner as you wanted, you'd probably shock yourself with how high you scored. Thus learning how to master the timing of the test is priority one. Everyone will develop their own personal timing paces, but starting your practice with a baseline timing strategy is crucial.Start with one of our schedules, based on your current and projected scores, and then finagle it until you find the best balance between speed and accuracy you can manage. Stick to your plan on test day and then celebrate, because you rocked that ACT math section! What's Next? Want to know the number one secrets for success on theother ACT subjects?Check out the top strategies for conqueringthe ACTscience, reading, and writingsections. Need more ACT math section study help? We've put together a complete list of all the ACT math study you could possibly need, all in one place. Don't know where to get your practice materials?Check out our complete list of where to get your free ACT practice tests. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. 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Bible Translations in German and English

Bible Translations in German and English Essentially, every Bible is a translation. The ancient elements that became what we now call the Bible were originally written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek on papyrus, leather, and clay. Some of the originals have been lost and exist only in copies that suffer from errors and omissions that have dismayed biblical scholars and translators.   More modern editions, using more recent discoveries such as the  Dead Sea Scrolls, try to render the Bible as accurately as possible from the ancient originals. By the end of the 20th century, the Bible had been translated into more than 1,100 different world languages and dialects. The history of biblical translation is long and fascinating, but here well concentrate on the German connections- of which there are many. Ulfilas The earliest Germanic version of the Bible was Ulfilas Gothic translation from Latin and Greek. From Ulfilas came much of the Germanic Christian vocabulary that is still in use today. Later Charlemagne (Karl der Große) would foster Frankish (Germanic) biblical translations in the ninth century. Over the years, prior to the appearance of the first printed German Bible in 1466, various German and German dialect translations of the scriptures were published. The Augsburger Bibel of 1350 was a complete New Testament, while the Wenzel Bible (1389) contained the Old Testament in German. Gutenberg Bible   Johannes Gutenbergs so-called 42-line Bible, printed in Mainz in 1455, was in Latin. About 40 copies exist today in various states of completeness. It was Gutenbergs invention of printing with movable type that made the Bible, in any language, vastly more influential and important. It was now possible to produce Bibles and other books in greater quantities at a lower cost. First Printed Bible in German Before Martin Luther was even born, a German-language Bible was published in 1466, using Gutenbergs invention. Known as the Mentel Bible, this Bible  was a literal translation of the Latin Vulgate. Printed in Strassburg, the Mentel Bible appeared in some 18 editions until it was replaced by Luthers new translation in 1522. Die Luther Bibel The most influential German Bible, and the one that continues to be most widely used in the Germanic world today (it saw its last official revised edition in 1984), was translated from the original Hebrew and Greek by Martin Luther (1483-1546) in the record time of just ten weeks (New Testament) during his involuntary stay in the Wartburg Castle near Eisenach, Germany. Luthers first complete Bible in German appeared in 1534. He continued to revise his translations up until his death. In response to Luthers Protestant Bible, the German Catholic Church published its own versions, most notably the Emser Bibel, which became the standard German Catholic Bible. Luthers German Bible also became the primary source for other northern European versions in Danish, Dutch, and Swedish. Scriptures and  Prayers in German and English German du is equal to thou in English. Modern English versions of the Bible use you since thou has faded from English, but du is still used in German. Nevertheless, revised versions of Luthers 1534 Bible have updated many other language changes, using more modern usage to replace the outdated 16th century German. Here are some oft-quoted Biblical passages in German, with English translations. The Book of Genesis Genesis  - LutherbibelKapitel Die Schà ¶pfung Am Anfang schuf Gott Himmel und Erde.Und die Erde war wà ¼st und leer, und es war finster auf der Tiefe; und der Geist Gottes schwebte auf dem Wasser.Und Gott sprach: Es werde Licht! Und es ward Licht.Und Gott sah, daß das Licht gut war. Da schied Gott das Licht von der Finsternisund nannte das Licht Tag und die Finsternis Nacht. Da ward aus Abend und Morgen der erste Tag.   Genesis - King James,  Chapter One:  Creation   In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.And God said, Let there be light: and there was light.And God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from the darkness.And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day.   Psalm 23  Lutherbibel:  Ein Psalm Davids   Der HERR ist mein Hirte, mir wird nichts mangeln.Er weidet mich auf einer grà ¼nen Aue und fà ¼hret mich zum frischen Wasser.Er erquicket meine Seele. Er fà ¼hret mich auf rechter Straße um seines Namens willen.Und ob ich schon wanderte im finstern Tal, fà ¼rchte ich kein Unglà ¼ck;         denn du bist bei mir, dein Stecken und Stab trà ¶sten mich.Du bereitest vor mir einen Tisch im Angesicht meiner Feinde. Du salbest mein Haupt mit Ãâ€"l und schenkest mir voll ein.Gutes und Barmherzigkeit werden mir folgen mein Leben lang, und ich werde bleiben         im Hause des HERRN immerdar. Psalm 23   King James:  A Psalm of David The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want.He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: he leadeth me beside the still waters.He restoreth my soul. He leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for his names sake.Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil:         for thou art with me; thy rod and thy staff they comfort me.Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies: Thou anointest         my head with oil: my cup runneth over.Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life: and I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever. Gebete (Prayers) Das Vaterunser (Paternoster) - Kirchenbuch (1908)  Vater unser, der Du bist im Himmel. Geheiliget werde Dein Name. Dein Reich komme. Dein Wille geschehe, wie im Himmel, also auch auf Erden. Unser tglich Brot gieb uns heute. Und vergieb uns unsere Schuld, als wir vergieben unsern Schuldigern. Und fà ¼hre uns nicht in Versuchung; Sondern erlà ¶se uns von dem ÃÅ"bel. Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft und die Herrlichkeit in Ewigkeit. Amen. The Lords Prayer (Paternoster) - King James  Our Father who  art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, in earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen. Das Gloria Patri - Kirchenbuch   Ehr sei dem Vater und dem Sohn und dem Heiligen Geist, wie es war im Anfang, jetzt und immerdar und von Ewigkeit zu Ewigkeit. Amen. The Gloria Patri - Book of Common Prayer  Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost; as it was in the beginning, is now and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. Da ich ein Kind war, redete ich wie ein Kind und war klug wie ein Kind und hatte kindische Anschlge. Da ich aber ein Mann ward, tat ich ab, was kindisch war. 1. Korinther 13,11 When I was a child, I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child: but when I became a man, I put away childish things.   I Corinthians 13:11 The First Five Books of the German Bible The first five books of the Bible in German are referred to as Mose (Moses) 1-5. They correspond to Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy in English. Many of the names of the other books are very similar or identical in German and English, but a few are not that obvious. Below youll find all of the names of the books of the Old and New Testaments listed in the order they appear.   Genesis :  1 Mose, Genesis Exodus:  2 Mose, Exodus Leviticus:  3 Mose, Levitikus Numbers:  4 Mose, Numeri Deuteronomy:  5 Mose, Deuternomium Joshua: Josua Judges:  Richter Ruth:  Rut I Samuel:  1 Samuel II Samuel:  2 Samuel I Kings:  1 Kà ¶nige II Kings:  2 Kà ¶nige I Chronicles:  1 Chronik II Chronicles:  2 Chronik Ezra:  Esra Nehemiah:  Nehemia Esther:  Ester Job:  Hiob Psalms: Der Psalter Proverbs:  Sprueche Ecclesiastes:  Prediger Song of Solomon: Das Hohelied Salomos Isaiah:  Jesaja Jeremiah: Jeremia Lamentations Klagelieder Ezekial:  Hesekiel Daniel:  Daniel Hosea:  Hosea Joel: Joel Amos: Amos Obadiah:  Obadja Jonah:  Jona Micah:  Mica Nahum:  Nahum Habakkuk: Habakuk Zephaniah:  Zephanja Haggai:  Haggai Zechariah: Sacharja Malachi:  Maleachi

Economics, Consumerism and the Environment Essay

Economics, Consumerism and the Environment - Essay Example It is typically measured in tons of CO2 equivalent. (Kyoto Protocol) Many companies can create the carbon offset by introducing the renewable energy such as installation of solar energy system, small hydroelectric projects, geothermal and biomass energies etc. Moreover there are carbon sequestration projects that destroy the carbon dioxide. (David Suzuki Foundation) Especially for large corporations promoting consumerism like Wal-Mart, Kyoto protocol can be an effective scanner to check their accomplishment of their responsibilities towards safe guarding the environment. In this age of consumerism the conservation of energy through efficient usage and the minimization of energy wastage can be most influential measures to ensure sustainable development. The Wal-Mart Supermarkets, Stores, SAM CLUBS and Neighborhood Markets have set example of utilization of daylight through skylights to restrict energy consumption that saves 250 million kilowatt of energy every day. Besides that Wal-Mart system has adopted other measures such as the efficient process of heating and cooling, the white roof system of interior lighting and retrofit program to prove how the energy can be efficiently utilized to restrict energy-demand. (Wal-Mart) However the management of Wal-Mart should keep it in mind that a long way has to be still made to provide a perfect eco friendly operational environment. Efficient energy use, on one hand saves energy and on the other protects the environment. CFL consumes less energy than conventional tube, while providing per unit more luminance; Wal-Mart might reorient the internal lighting system through CFL. Furthermore Air conditioner and refrigerators emits harmful Chlorofluorocarbon, so it might try to ration their use. (New York State: Department of Environmental Conservation) Keeping, the air condition’s temperature at a moderate level results in less consumption of energy and less emission of CFC. Wal-Mart might

Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Article Example From research notes, Rosenberg points to the danger of a materialist consumer society, an exact parallel to what the Essay says. 3. (a) â€Å"Frances is an unabashed materialist, a high end version of the mildly-obsessed masses in our capitalist society. The pressure to buy and acquire after all, surrounds all but the most isolated American.† This confirms the Essay’s thoughts about vulnerability of people in a consumer society. The more psychologically fragile suffers most, and the affront is directed not only at adults, but the young as well. (b) â€Å"A materialistic lifestyle is associated with an inadequate sense of security, competence, relatedness, and autonomy.† The Essay also hints at the psychological roots of vulnerability to materialistic consumerism. Frances displays these emotional needs and typifies people in a free enterprise capitalistic society. More basic needs like living standards and education suffer thereby. (c) â€Å"We can’t under estimate the influence of corporations that go to great lengths to convert these products to the promise of emotional fulfillment.† The Essay also makes mention of how corporations use advertising to glamorize products. Consumers thereby lose their sense of priorities in human needs, causing poverty instead of wealth. They even fail to see the true worth in people, seeing only their possessions.

The Speckled Band Essay Example for Free

The Speckled Band Essay There has been a great deal of famous detective stories that have been written by many authors, all of which are very interesting and exciting. Some examples of very good, successful detective stories are:  The murders in the Rue Morgue written by Edgar Allan Poe in 1841. This book was Edgars first story and it was very successful.  The Moonstone by Wilkie Collins which featured Sergeant Cuff and a stolen gem. This was written in 1868.  Another set of detective stories was Sherlocks Holmes written stories, which were written during the 1880s. As you can see detective books have been going on since the mid 1800s as well as in the 1900s.  1920s onwards Agatha Christie starts to write her very famous and very successful detective stories with Hercule Poirot and Dorothy L. Sayers with Lord Peter Wimsey, both of the upper class.  1970s P.D. James and Ruth Rendell start to write. In their recent books they feature corrupt policemen. In P.D. James last three books the murder has not been convicted, either because they died or due to insufficient evidence.  1990s There has been popularity shown by the number of films and T.V series e.g. Inspector Morse, Taggart, Frost, Dalziel and Pascoe and so on. From the above you should notice that there has been a lot of well known detective stories about and I will be comparing and contrasting two types of detective stories. To support my points I will be using quotations and close references. In each section I will compare the stories and clearly explain the difference. I will be covering the following factors in detail, detectives, crime and motive, clues and red herrings, methods of investigation, the setting location social conditions and the creation of suspense. In The Speckled Band written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the detectives are very polite to each other and speak Queens English. When they talk to each other they always address each other a my dear friend, Dr Watson, Mr Holmes or Madam never by there first name. Sherlock Holmes in The Speckled Band comes across as being very clever and witty. You know this because at the very beginning of the story Dr Watson is saying he was going over his and Sherlocks seventy odd cases that they have done in the last eight years. If Holmes were not clever he would have completed all of those cases. Another part of the story where Holmes shows his cleverness is when Helen Stoner has come to see him and he notices that she has come by train and dog-cart. Holmes knows that she has firstly come by train from the ticket stub in Helens hand and secondly he notices that she has come by dog-cart from the splattered mud up her arm, I observe the second half of a return ticket in the palm of your left glove. You must have started early, and yet you had a good drive in a dog-cart There is no vehicle save a dog-cart which throws up mud in that way.  Holmes also notices that Helen is shivering and orders her a cup of hot coffee. When Sherlock is observing the Stoke Moran notices a lot of clues, which no one else had seen before. I will go into this more when I talk about clues and red herrings.  Sherlock Holmes is always cool and collective in dangerous situations. E.g. when he hears the hissing he lashes out at it very quickly and takes action whereas Watson sits there not knowing whats going on and he panics a bit but Holmes stays calm. Holmes also keeps calm when Dr Grimsby Roylott comes to visit him. I have heard a bout you before. You are Holmes the meddler.  My friend smiled. (Sherlock Holmes)  Holmes the busy body.  His smile broadened. (Sherlock Holmes)  Holmes the Scotland Yard Jack-in-office.  Holmes chuckled heartily.  Sherlock Holmes comes across as not at all being scared. You know this because he is not scared in more than one occasion. He was not scared when Dr Grimsby Roylott barges in and threatens him, he keeps very calm and another place where he keeps his cool is when he is approaching the Stoke Moran place and sees the baboon. Although he knows the Dr Roylott keeps a cheetah he doesnt become scared and he carries on as normal. Holmes is also not as weak as you think he is because when Dr Roylatt comes to Holmes house he bends the fire poker to try to scare Sherlock but Holmes just bends it straight again.  my grip was not much more feeble than his own. As he spoke he picked up the steel poker, and with a sudden effort straightened it out again.  Sherlock Holmes really enjoys his work and loves to solve new cases. You know this because when Helen Stoner comes to him and she tells him what the case is about. She tells Holmes that she wont be able to pay him a lot of money and he replies saying that money is not a problem and as long as she pays for his expenses. E.g. transport fees and accommodation. Sherlock Holmes comes across as being a hero in The Speckled Band because Helen Stoner travels miles and miles to seek out this famous detective. When she finds him he gets straight on the case and solves it within a days work whereas Helen has not had the slightest clue how her sister died for two years.  Another detective in The Speckled Band is Dr Watson. Dr Watson is Sherlock Holmes assistant, he is also very polite when he talking to people, he always addresses people as sir, madam or by their last name never by their first name. Holmes, I cried, I seem to see dimly what you are hinting at.  Dr Watson comes across as being a clever man but not as near as Sherlock Holmes. He has always assisted Holmes crimes all of which he has helped to solve the case. Watson also enjoys his work at solving cases with Sherlock and he has always accompanied Sherlock, you can tell Watson enjoys the cases when he says he wouldnt miss the case.

Disorder in King Lear Essay -- King Lear essays

Disorder in King Lear   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  "Order from disorder sprung." (Paradise Lost)   Ã‚  Ã‚  A [kingdom] without order is a [kingdom] in chaos (Bartelby.com). In Shakespeare's tragic play, King Lear, the audience witnesses to the devastation of a great kingdom. Disorder engulfs the land once Lear transfers his power to his daughters, but as the great American writer, A.C. Bradley said, "The ultimate power in the tragic world is a moral order" (Shakespearean Tragedy). By examining the concept of order versus disorder in the setting, plot, and the character King Lear, Bradley's idea of moral order is clearly demonstrated by the outcome of the play.       "By removing a 'degree' or not acting according to the 'natural' social order, disorder and disharmony in the whole of the universe are inevitable" (Sarah Doncaster). Bradley's idea of moral order is evident from the setting of the play. An excellent example from the play would be that of the storms. By using the technique of pathetic fallacy, Shakespeare creates a storm raging in the sky to reflect the storm raging inside of Lear. Upon the heath, Shakespeare intertwines this idea of disorder in the universe and disorder within Lear. King Lear says,       Rumble they bellyful! Spit, fire! spout, rain! Nor rain, wind thunder, fire, are my daughter: I tax you not, you elements, with unkindness; I never gave you kingdom, call'd you children... (3, ii, 14-17)       Lear's feelings in this passage parallel the disorder of the storm. To bring order to the universe, Lear must start by bringing order to himself. This occurs when he becomes lawful and puts his daughters on trial. Soon after, Lear says, "When the rain came to wet me once and the wind ... ... statement because of the "innocent" deaths, it is these innocent deaths which further support the fact that moral order is supreme. The Phrygian Stoic philosopher, Epictetus said it best, "Since it is order which shapes and regulates all other things, it ought not itself to be left in disorder" (Epictetus)       Works Cited Bradley, A.C. Shakespearean Tragedy. London: Macmillan, 1905 Doe, John. "Open Quote" Bartelby.com http://www.bartleby.com/81/14917.html Doncaster, Sarah. "Discuss the Representation of Nature in Shakespeare King Lear." Shakespeare Online.   http://www.shakespeare-online.com/essays/learandnature.asp 04 May. 2000 Epictetus. Discourses. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1928 Milton, John. Paradise Lost. Oregon: University of Oregon, 1997 Shakespeare, William. King Lear. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998

Doctrine of Judicial Precedent Essay

Introduction Statutes and case law are two significant sources of the UK law. In the convention of common law, the law applied to a case is decided through judicial precedent and statutory interpretation. There can be effectiveness of judicial precedent and statutory interpretation in separation as well as when they are combined in the development of law. To what extend can a judge develop the law through the operation of doctrine of judicial precedent and application to the rules of statutory interpretation will be discussed in this assignment. In the first place, this assignment will give an introduction to judicial precedent and statutory interpretation. In the second place, how can judicial precedent and statutory interpretation develop the law will be analysed and evaluated. Eventually, the conclusion of this assignment will be given. Judicial precedent, a procedure whereby judges follow previous case with sufficiently similar facts, regulates case law, which is crucial to protect law stability. As MacCormick said: â€Å"to understand case law†¦ is to understand how it is that particular decisions by particular judges concerning particular parties to particular cases can be used in the construction of general rules applying to the actions and transactions of persons at large.† (James, 2010) Judicial precedent applies to the doctrine of stare decisis. That is to not disturb the decisions that are settled. For instance, through the stare decisis, the House of Lords held that the manufacturers owed a duty of care to their ultimate consumers of their goods in the case of Donoghue v Stevenson (1932), creating a binding precedent followed in Grant v Australian Knitting Mills (1936) in respects of duty of care and neighbor principle. The binding precedent is a legal principle formed by the ratio decidendi, the reason for the decision. This means that the ratio decidendi must be followed with the recognition of the legal reason for the decision in the previous case (Jacqueline, 2010). The remainder of a judgment is Obiter dicta. It is a statement made by the way, which though is not binding but can be persuasive in the future cases. Statutory interpretation is the process of how the statutes interpreted and applied by a judge. There are four approaches developed to deal with the task of interpretation, including literal rule, golden rule, mischief rule and purposive rule. When literal rule is applied, the words in the statutes are given their dictionary, original or everyday meaning, with the respect to the will of Parliament. For instance, in Whitley v Chappell (1868), with the application to literal rule, the court held that the defendant was not guilty since a dead person is not, in the literal meaning of the word, ‘entitled to vote’. Golden rule was defined in Grey v. Pearson4 (1857), â€Å"the ordinary sense of the words is to be adhered to, unless it would lead to absurdity, when the ordinary sense may be modified to avoid the absurdity but no further.† One of the illustrated cases is Re Sigsworth (1935). A son murdered his mother entitled to nothing since the court applied golden rule to modification to prevent repugnancy and absurdity. Instead of determining what the Parliament said, the Mischief rule is applied to what Parliament meant. The Mischief rule was applied in Smith v Hughes (1871). Lord Parker CJ held that the activities of prostitution were in a â€Å"street or public place† for the intension of the Act to prevent the mischief of the impact of solicitation on the passers by. With a wider application, purposive rule is aimed to give promotion to the general legislative purpose emphasizing the provisions. Lord Denning stated â€Å"†¦we sit here to find out the intention of Parliament and of ministers and carry it out, and we do this better by filling in the gaps and making sense of the enactment by opening it up to destructive analysis†. In Cutter v Eagle Star (1998), instead of literal rule, purposive rule is applied, holding that car park was a road, which underlies the Road Traffic Act (1988). Also, a purposive approach is now often applicable as a result of European Law. (James, 2010) Examples and evaluations of development The judicial precedent is regarded as the backbone of the common law whereas approaches of statutory interpretation have developed as significant tools in interpreting the statutes. Furthermore, there has been a notable synergy between judicial precedent and statutory interpretation in the development of law. First of all, the development of law can be achieved by applying a suitable decision from previous cases with similar materials. In the case of Shaw v DPP (1962) the House of Lords held that a crime of conspiracy to corrupt public morals existed. The conspiracy to corrupt public morals consisted of an agreement to corrupt public morals by means of the magazine, and the defendants had been rightly convicted. This was followed in Knuller v DPP (1973), being held that an agreement to publish adverts to facilitate the commission of homosexual acts between adult males in private was a conspiracy to corrupt public morals (E- lawresources, N/D). Therefore, with the application to doctrine of judicial precedent, the decision in a previous case can be applied to similar cases in the future, which then can contribute to the development of law in terms of quantity, certainty and stability. In addition, since consistent decisions are provided, the law is more possible to ensure fairness, and the citizens can be more willing to trust the law with confidence of being treated fairly. On the other hand, it is said that the doctrine of judicial precedent can be too rigid, as there seems to be a tendency that the binding precedent will be strictly applied in the decisions of cases. Also, since there are no uniform cases, the operation of the doctrine of judicial precedent may lead to a certain degree of injustice, leaving limited space for the development of law. However, the rigidity of judicial precedent can be avoided in practice through the exceptions of decisions including application of overrule and distinguishing (James, 2010). As Posner (1990) claimed: â€Å" judges follow the previous decisions of their court when they agree with them or when they deem legal stability more important in the circumstances than getting the law right. But a precedent’s analogical significance means simply that the precedent contains information relevant to the decision of the present case.† (Richard, 1990) Despite following the precedent strictly, judges are able to change the decisions in cooperation with facts. The Practice Statement was made by Lord Gardiner in1966, allowing the House of Lord to change its previous decision when it appears â€Å"right to do so† in an attempt to achieve justice (Jacqueline, 2010). To illustrate, in Miliangos v George Frank (Textile) Ltd (1976), the House of Lord overruled Re United Railways. In the case of Re United Railways (1961), it had been held that all debts were to be paid in sterling in an English civil case. In the case of Miliangos v George Frank (Textile) Ltd, the House of Lords held that damages could be awarded in any other foreign currency in the contract, due to the changes in conditions of foreign exchange (Vaughan, 2010). This was stated as â€Å" the existing reason ceased now for a rule† by Lord Denning (Michael, 2004). Distinguishing is another technique used by judges in order to avoid a previous binding decision that may cause inconvenient or unsuitable results. The case Balfour v Balfour (1919) is often cited in conjunction with Merritt v Merritt (1970) by way of illustration of how distinguishing works. In both of the cases, a wife sued her husband for breach of contract. In Balfour v Balfour, based on the fact that the parties had not yet been divorced when the agreement was formed, the court held that there was no enforceable agreement, owing to a rebuttable presumption against intention to create a legally domestic agreement. In the case of Merritt v Merritt, however, the claim was successful. The court was able to distinguish the material difference between two cases. Lord Denning stated that â€Å"When †¦ husband and wife, at arm’s length, decide to separate and the husband promises to pay a sum as maintenance to the wife during the separation, the court does, as a rule, impute to them an intention to create legal relations.† (Zander, 2004) As a result, the appeal from the husband in this case was dismissed. The exceptions of decisions enable the judges to be more flexible in relation of following or refusing earlier decisions from similar cases, which seems to extend the power of the law lords to create law and the space for the development of law. However, it may decrease the level of law certainty and predictability. Regardless of the role statutory interpretation plays in helping judges deal with the task of interpreting statutes, the application and development among the four rules of statutory interpretation can promote law to adapt to changing needs. In practice, judges are continually applying the existing rules to new fact situations and thus being able to keep pace with the changes of society. Firstly, approaches to statutory interpretation can attribute to the creativity and flexibility of law. Applying purposive rule, the court of the case of Royal College of Nursing v DHSS (1981) held that the Abortion Act 1967 aimed at preventing the mischief of ‘back-street abortions’ where no medical care was provided. Therefore, with the advancement of medical technology, abortion became legal to be administered by nurses. (James, 2010) In addition, rules of statutory interpretation can ensure the willing of Parliament. Judges cannot make law, which is the role of Parliament, however, they can and do try to give effect to Parliament’s intentions by using statutory interpretation. For instance, in the case of R v Registrar General ex parte Smith (1991), purposive rule was applied instead of literal rule due to the fact that the applicant was confirmed to be dangerous to his natural mother by a psychiatrist and ‘Parliament could never have intended to promote such serious crime.’ Consequently, the applicant was failed to obtain his birth certificate (Jacqueline, 2010). Approaches to statutory interpretation provide opportunities for judges to apply to different rules flexibly based upon the facts and the intention of Parliament. However, increases of flexibility and creativity of law may cause decreases of certainty and consistency. Last but not least, as two major aspects of the UK law, the interrelationship of the doctrine of judicial precedent and the rules of statutory interpretation are significant to the development of law. For example, in Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Ltd (1953), there is a technical legal meaning of â€Å"offer for sale†. With the application to literal rule, the display of goods in a store shelf was held as an invitation to treat but not an offer to sell. This decision was followed in Fisher v Bell (1961). The court held that the display of product in a shop window was an invitation to treat and thus there was no violation of the Act. (James, 2010) Conclusion As a consequence, with doctrine of judicial precedent, previous cases can be applied to cases with similar facts in the future, whereas with statutory interpretation, different decisions can be made with choices of different rules depending on different facts. The synergy between these two aspects produces certainty, elasticity and appropriate space for the gradual development of law. In conclusion, although a degree of rigidity and instability might occur in the progress of law development. Judicial precedent and statutory interpretation in combination can attribute to an increased level of certainty, consistency, flexibility, and elasticity of the law, creating an appropriate space for a gradual development of law. Bibliography: 1.James, H., 2010, Learning Legal Rules 2.Jacqueline, M., 2010, Unlocking The English Legal System 3.E-lawresources, N/D, [Internet] Available from [Accessed 11 /11/ 2012]†¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¬ 4.Richard, A, P., 1990, The Problems of Jurisprudence 5.Vaughan, B., 2010, Foreign Currency Claims in the Conflict of Laws 6. Michael, Z., 2004, The Law-Making Process

Hope vs Hope

Jovon Abriam American Literature Mr. Taube March 6, 2013 Hope Vs. Hope It’s a plane! It’s a bird! Yes, it actually is a bird. The poem â€Å"Hope† is the thing with feathers, is a 19th century poem written by Emily Dickinson and the movie The Shawshank Redemption, written and directed by Frank Durabont, both use a bird as a major symbol to hope. The Shawshank Redemption use the characters Jack, Andy and Red to make connections to hope, while â€Å"Hope† is the thing with feathers really has no characters that make connections to hope. Hope† is the thing with feathers is a poem about how hope never dies and will get you through rough times. The Shawshank Redemption is a movie based in the 1940’s how hope can either be corrupt or the best thing in life. The Shawshank Redemption and â€Å"Hope† is the thing with feathers are similar because of the symbolism and the central theme in both works, but what makes them different is the connectio ns the characters has to hope and the different type of media used.When juxtaposing the two works, you will find that there are a few similarities between the two. In, â€Å"Hope† is the thing with feathers (which is the first line in the poem) and The Shawshank Redemption, they both use birds as the symbol of hope. Saying that â€Å"Hope† is the thing with feathers is basically referring to a bird and in The Shawshank Redemption, the bird symbolizes hope because when Jake gives up his bird, he loses hope and ends up killing himself. Hope does not only play as the symbol in both works, but also as the central theme in the two.In the poem, Emily Dickinson is saying that if you have hope, it can get you through hard times and she uses a gale and a storm to symbolize the hard times. In The Shawshank Redemption, having hope will lead to you accomplishing your greatest desires. On the other hand, there are a few differences between The Shawshank Redemption and â€Å"Hopeâ €  is the thing with feathers. One of the differences between the two is that obviously one is a movie and the other is a poem.Another thing different between the two is the way the characters have a connection to hope. In â€Å"Hope† is the thing with feathers, there is no character that really makes a connection to hope, unlike The Shawshank Redemption which uses Andy, Red and Jack to make connections to hope. While, â€Å"Hope† is the thing with feathers says that the bird is the one that produces music, the bird in The Shawshank Redemption does not make music, instead it is Andy that plays the music on the prison speakers.The Shawshank Redemption and â€Å"Hope† is the thing with feathers are both so similar, but so different at the same time. These two works share many things in common like using the bird as the symbol of hope, as well as hope being the central theme. However, they are different because the type of media and the characters’ connec tion that the have to hope. Even though a 19th century poem and a 20th century movie may seem like they may have many differences, they actually can share a few things in common.

Kim by Rudyard Kipling

Kim by Rudyard Kipling What the Story is All About The novel â€Å"Kim† by Rudyard Kipling is an adventure story revolving around a young man named Kimball O’Hara. The story begins by highlighting the young boy, Kim, meeting Lama and deciding to follow him in quest of his religious fulfillment as a disciple. On page 14, â€Å"†¦Kim followed like a shadow† (Kipling 14).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kim by Rudyard Kipling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More What Lama is talking about has totally mesmerized Kim as he sees Lama to be totally different. He (Kim) decides to investigate him (Lama) as he would for a strange festival in Lahore city. Lama is searching for the River of the Arrow, which he believes will provide him the salvation he wants and cleanse him of his sins (Kipling 29). Kim is an Irish boy living in India, born to a father who was a soldier. He grew up as an orphan as his father and mother died when he was at a tender age. Kim wanders with Lama into Lahore where they look at the Buddhist relics as Lama seeks to get off the ‘Wheel of Things’. Kim is fascinated by Lama while Lama, on the other hand, feels that Kim is sent to him as a disciple or ‘chela’ (Kipling 29). As Lama seeks the prophecy made by his father, this quest leads Kim into another strand of the novel His recruitment in the British secret service. Besides some interruption of their friendship, Lama and Kim remains friend even when Kim is attending school. However, the recruitment in the secret service allows him to participate in the ‘great game’ of spying to fight Russians. The Novel is mainly about friendship of Teshoo Lama and Kim, also between Kim and colonel Creighton. Women also play a crucial role in the novel, but they feature as providers and prostitutes though there is some mention of respectable women, the widow of Kulu †¦ Kim’s mother was Kulu (Kipling 288), and there is also Shalegh. Kim is captured when he found some secretes. Kim holds the native culture and the soldiers have British mentality. There is a unique way of showing clash of culture as used by the author. Even as he thinks of escaping back to Lama, Kim is imprisoned and forced to wear what he describes as Horrible stiff suit (Kipling 288), the form of clothing he says rasped his arms and legs (Kipling 288).Advertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kim finally meets Colonel Creighton, a man he can revere, a father-figure and a man similar to Lama. The colonel recognizes the intelligence and exceptional skills Kim had, and he markedly influenced Kim’s life as he seeks to define himself. Kim trained as a spy. Kim and Lama are interdependent since that was an excuse for Kim to travel around India and an ideal cover up to spy, whereas Lama mostly depended on Kim to solicit shelter and a shoulder to lean on literally. The climax of the story is when Kim sets to intercept two foreign spies, one French and Russian, working in Himalayas. Kim and Babu both secret agents are crucial in preventing the spies. Lama brings the espionage mission to success because as Kim fought one of the spies who had provoked Lama tearing his diagram, Kim stumbles into the spies secrete documents. The fight ends Lama’s quest as he finds the river of the Arrow and Kim hands the secret documents to authorities. Levels of Meaning in Kim Kim is a novel that can be described to have had multiple levels of meaning. The novel is a drama about Kim who is ambitious and having his way. The book is also an adventure tale of Kim following Lama and finding himself in espionage activities. The book is also a mystical exegesis of a certain way of behavior. Kim presents different sets of meaning related to cultural imperialism and colonial dispossession. These factors foreshadows Kim’s ending. In the story, Kim, the Kipling developed the phrase Wheel of things to describe the religious symbol (16). Lama says that people are usually held up in their lives and struggle to get freedom from the wheel, or the routine of events. The wheel of things has a number of Buddhist connotations, the routine way of conducting their day to day activities. Human beings are deemed to have a destiny; to live and work as they live on earth and life after. Buddhism provides humanity an escape to cycle, the wheel. Religion provides spiritual guidance and renunciation of earthly delusions and attachments. This level of meaning by symbolism makes use of the wheel to represent time. In fact, Buddha has a Jain concept which is its emblem. Lama believed that by finding the river of the arrow, he can bath in it and his soul would be cleansed and then set free.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kim by Rudyard Kipling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The novel describes the journey of Lama and Kim through India. They experience a marvelous spectacle of different landscapes, peoples and works. The world is experiencing notable works that seem to be continuous – the book describes it as the world is going and coming. Kipling also brings in the experiences of different people, â€Å"bankers and tinkers, pilgrims and potters, barbers and bunnias† (63). Among these people, there are those with long hair, those with a strong scent and food sellers etc. all these different descriptions of people were symbolically bound on the wheel – they are bound from life after life. Lama says there are some things that have not yet been exposed to these people. They strive through mile upon mile†¦ they are journeying through Samsara (Kipling 34). The Authors Attitude to the Government of the British Raj Rudyard Kipling foregrounds the way the non-western countries were colon ized and dispossessed by the imperialist capitalist British. Kipling throughout the novel portrays himself as intelligent though unusually sensitive. Despite that, he shows Kim, equally intelligent been treated as an inferior person by the British just because he is not white as he follows Lama. The western civilization regards itself as superior to other both culture racial and culture wise. This is a belief that Kip Inadvertently internalized while he was living India. Kipling uses Kim to present his feeling for the old traditions imperialist forces. The Britons colonized other countries while stating that it was a way of giving their colonies proper civilization. While doing this, the British deprived the Indians of their ancestral land and cultural inheritance. Kipling seems to be an imperialist, and his novel exemplifies attitude towards the British government ruling India. Today, the British rule is wholly undesirable and disgusting. Kipling seems to believe that the Britons h ave the right to own India and that it was proper for them to do so as they rule the Indians. This stance as questionable did not cross his mind when he was writing the book. During that time, there must have been a substantial uproar of rebellion among Indians against British rule. This is obvious, in chapter three of the book as an old soldier making comments on the 1857 downright mutiny; he dismisses it as madness. Kipling says, â€Å"The madness that was eating into all the army and they turned against their soldier’s† (100). In the following chapter, justice is overseen. They understand the land and know its customs (Kipling 124). These are just some of the ways Kipling’s Imperialist attitude towards British penetrated his story.Advertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Like many other people who were born in India under colonial rule, he thinks that the situation should be unquestionable. The adult Kipling should, however, not look at it that way and hide in his past viewpoint or preconception as a child. There are some instances of patronizing comments like †¦the curator smiled at the mixed traditional piety and modern development that are not of the modern India (Kipling 59). This is only his opinion and not that of Kim in the story. There are several other harsh and biased generalization regarding India and its citizens. Kipling also narrates that British way of the rule was superior (28-29). Despite having an attitude against India, he also has some love. The author has incredible insider’s knowledge of Indians in the colonial period. He hence admires the culture and the people. The novel hence celebrates India, describing its landscapes as magnificent, superb rural and urban scenes as well as many fascinating native characters. Au thor’s Perception of Human Nature The author presents a range of human characters like religious beliefs and seeking for love and satisfaction in life. As Kim and Lama travel, Kim is highly social, which is human nature, and he makes acquaintances with the people they encounter. For instance, Kim could talk to Kulu, a widow who was also a traveler with her daughter. Kim was able to use his charm to get her to help them in exchange for prayers from Lama to bless her future grandsons (Kipling 129). With exceptional expedient knowledge of the human nature, Kim gets many of the things he and Lama want for their survival. In their journey, Lama continues to preach to people, impacting their emotions, actions, attachment to earthly materials. Human beings constantly seek to attain enlightenment. Kipling’s story has been prose of shallow kind. There are many wishful thoughts, particularly about human nature, and they end in multicultural insistence that British culture was su perior to other cultures like Indian culture in this instance. The Requirements of Being an Intelligence Officer, a Spy The upbringing of Kim was quite unusual as he was an orphan; he needed a father figure and a mother. He also sought to get to define himself as an important member of the society. Besides that he wanted to fulfill his spiritual duty. It is through his journeys with Lama that he meets Colonel Creighton. In him, he finds the father figure he had been looking for. This part brings out the requirements of an intelligence officer as wisdom, experience, and education. This is contrasted to the drummer boy, Bennett. Colonel Creighton identifies Kim as intelligence and having exceptional skills. These are requirements best fit for a spy. This is the highest ranking personnel of the British government to be mentioned in the novel, he influences Kim’s quest to define himself. He takes Kim for training to be a spy. He trains when he is not in school. However, Kim train ed under Creighton’s associates after he completes school. Kim is social elite who can make friends and acquaintances unusually fast (Kipling 16). This element is seen when he is used by Lama to get shelter. His zeal to make it successful in life sees him jump into the great game of espionage like a duck in water (Kipling 98). This character is perfect for spying. He developed his inquisitiveness and adventurous personality from his childhood, as he ran secret missions across rooftops in Lahore. Kim renounced his normal life to follow Lama and cover up to work as a spy. He led a life of camouflage and deception where no one understood his motives, which were ulterior. Conclusion In conclusion, the novel, â€Å"Kim† underscores the life of Kim coupled with his adventures with Lama, a religious icon. However, the story highlights different meanings of Kim. Moreover, the author plays up his attitude towards the British Empire and sheds some light on his perception of huma n nature before giving some qualities of a spy. Work Cited Kipling, Rudyard. Kim. London: Macmillan Co Ltd, 2009. Print.

Australian case Modbury Triangle Shopping Centre Pty Ltd v Anzil

This case was heard by the High Court of Australia. In this case, the respondent was successful during the trial. Similarly, the responder proved to be successful when the Full Court of Supreme Court of South Australia heard the appeal. Under these circumstances, Modbury Triangle Shopping Center made an appeal to the High Court of Australia. The facts of this case can be briefly described as follows. In this case, the appellant, Modbury owned a shopping center. On the other hand, Mr. Anzil, the respondent was hired by a video store that had leased premises in the center. In front of the weekly shop there was a large outdoor parking for the center. The car park was owned by the shopping center, Modbury. The video store remained open until 10 PM in the night and after that time the lights of the car park were automatically switched off. In this case, the respondent was leaving his workplace at 10:30 PM on a Sunday night and the lights of the car park were turned off. Subsequently, the respondent was attacked by three unidentified persons. One of the assailants had a baseball bat and the respondent suffered serious injuries. According to the lease agreement, the lighting in the common areas like the parking area was provided. According to the discretion of the appellant had a part of the cost was paid by the tenant. Earlier, almost 2 years ago, the practice was to let the lights on at the 11 PM. Later on, a request was made by the co-manager of the video store that the lights should be allowed in the 10:15 PM but just ended and nearly 12 months before the attack, the practice was adopted to switch off the lights at 10 PM. Under these circumstances, the proprietor of the shopping center was sued by the plaintiff in negligence for his failure to exercise reasonable care and switching off the lights in the car park. In this way, the case was related with the liability of the occupier for the criminal conduct of a third party. Therefore the main issue in this case was to decide if and when a person can be held liable towards another person for a duty to take reasonable care for controlling the conduct of the third party.[1] In this case, although it was argued by the appellant that the attack could have been prevented if better lighting was present in the car park, but the majority of the judges were quite skeptical of this claim. Therefore, it appears that mainly the case was conducted on the issue if the risk of injury was created or increased by the defendant due to poor lighting. It was pointed out by the court that in this case, the claim of the building was not based on the physical conditions in the car parking (for example that he had tripped over due to bad lighting). Instead, the claim in the present case was based on the third party's deliberate criminal actions. Therefore the issue in this case was related with the liability of the defendant for an omission, particularly the liability of the defendant regarding the criminal actions of third party. It was decided by the majority of these days that Modbury, as the occupier of the premises, had a duty which did not extend to take precautions fo r preventing the physical injury was to the plaintiff by criminals. In order to decide if the occupiers had a did you get towards the persons who entered their land, the proximity test needs to be applied. In case of this test, physical proximity, circumstantial proximity and casual proximity is involved. Apart from it, under such circumstances, another test that can be used is the three stages test.[2] The three stages in this regard are if the damage suffered by the plaintiff can be described as reasonably foreseeable, if the relationship that existed between the plaintiff and defendant can be described as sufficiently proximate and if so, can it be described as fair, just and reasonable under the circumstances to impose the duty of care on the defendant. The questions that need to be asked for the purpose of deciding if there has been a breach of the required standard of care include the question if it was foreseeable, if the risk was not insignificant and if any other reasonable person would have taken the precautions under similar circumstances in which the defendant was. There are other relevant factors that also need to be considered like if the cost involved in taking the precautions would have considerably increased the cost of energy. It was also claimed by the apparent than an occupier of land is not how a duty of care, which requires the occupier to take reasonable care for preventing physical injury to the plaintiff that may be caused as a result of the criminal behavior of a third-party.[3] Therefore in the present case also, the occupier did not have any control over the actions of the attackers or on the circumstances under which the attack took place. The general rule that can be applied in the present situation is that the person does not have a duty to control the other person to prevent such person from causing damage to a third person. Generally for the purpose of occupier's liability, the duty of care in negligence regarding the physical condition of the premises arises as a result of the power that the occupier had to control the persons who enter or remain on the land and also the power of the occupiers to control the state of land. Moreover, the occupiers in a better position as compared to an entra nt to know regarding the physical condition of the premises.[4] Regarding the issue of a duty of control over third parties, it was the opinion of the majority in this case that the scope of the duties of an occupier does not extend to third parties. Apart from the exceptional circumstances or in case of the presence of the special relationship between the parties, liability is not imposed by the common   law regarding the ommission to take positive steps for the purpose of protecting the other person from the criminal actions of the other party. It was also stated in this case that if a special relationship is not present, it is not the duty of a person to take steps to prevent causing harm to another person as a result of the interactions of a third party even if such a risk can be described as foreseeable. It will also recognize by the court that under some exceptional cases, a duty can be imposed on a party to take positive steps that are required in order to prevent a reasonably foreseeable risk. That has been created independent from the conduct of the defendant. Such a situation arises in cases where there is a special or protective relationship present between the parties, and an obligation has been assumed by the defendant to protect the plaintiff.[5] It can be said that such a protective relationship is present where the defendant has the capability to control the risk of harm that may be caused to the plaintiff and in cases where the plaintiff can be described as vulnerable and depending on the plaintiff for the prevention of such harm.[6] But in the present case, it was noted by the court that the occupier was not in a position to control the actions of the assailants. Similarly, the occupier did not have any knowledge regarding the impending attack. The court stated that the middle attacks cannot be predicted and it was not possible for the occupier to control such an attack.[7] Under these circumstances, it was stated that the occupier cannot be held liable in the present case, because the immediate and direct cause of the injuries suffered by the plaintiff was the attack by the offenders and these injuries were not suffered as an absence of lighting. Similarly, this fact was also noted that responsibility was not assumed by the occupier regarding the safety of the respondent. It was reasonable for the occupier to believe that the employer of the respondent would protect him. Concerning the occupier, the respondent can be placed in similar position in which any other member of the public can be placed. Similarly in the present case, the contribution of the occupier in the injuries suffered by the respondent was negligible. If liability is imposed on the occupier, it would mean that the financial responsibility has been shifted regarding the consequences of a crime, from the wrongdoer to another person. Even if such person did not have the capability to impact the behavior due to which the injuries were caused. Moreover the court stated that there is no doubt that an occupier of land has the duty of care towards the persons who unlawfully present on the land. In the present case also, it can be said that the appellant had a duty towards the first to respond and regarding the physical condition of the car park. However, the issue in this case was related with the fact if the appellant also had a duty of the kind that is relevant for the harm that was offered by the first respondent. This issue was discussed in this case in the form of the argument related with the nature or scope of the duty. In the present case, the nature of farm caused to the respondent was in the form of physical injuries that have been caused by a third party and the respondent did not have any control over the actions of the third-party.[8] Therefore, it can be said in the present case that any relevant duty in such circumstances can be described as the duty related with the security of the respondent. It can be a duty of a person, in his position as the occupier of land, which requires him to take reasonable care for protecting the persons who were in the position of the respondent against conduct, which includes the criminal actions of the third parties. Under these circumstances, the majority decision given by the High Court was that the appeal of Modbry should be allowed on both the issues. Consequently, it was decided by the High Court that Modbury cannot be held liable for injuries suffered by Mr. Anzil. In support of the decision, it was stated by the court. That being an occupier of land, Modbury has a duty of care towards Mr. Anzil but this duty cannot be considered to be extending to take reasonable steps for the purpose of preventing the criminal actions of third parties, as a result of which, physical injuries were suffered by Mr. Anzil. Under the circumstances where Modbury did not have any control over the conduct of the attackers. The court pointed out that even if it can be said that the failure of Modbury to provide proper lighting in the car park could have facilitated the time in the same way as it had made provision for the car park and descent and decided to park his car there but it cannot be treated as the. Main cause behind the injuries suffered by Mr. Anzil. In this case, the direct cause due to which Mr. Anzil had suffered the injuries was the conduct of the three assailants over which Modbury had no control. It was also noted by the court that in this case, the inadequate lighting had not caused the concealment of a dangerous object or condition in the carpark as a result of which, damage may have been suffered by person or property. Due to the unpredictability of criminal behavior, as a general rule, and when a special relationship is not present, a duty is not imposed by the law to prevent harm to another person caused by the criminal conduct of third parties even if such harm can be described as reasonably foreseeable.[9] Therefore the court stated that the occupier, Modbury was not liable for the injuries suffered by the respondent. Chomentowski v Red Garter Restaurant Ltd (1970) 92 WN (NSW) 1070 Commissioner for Railways v McDermott [1967] 1 AC 169 at 186 Dorset Yacht Co v Home Office [1970] AC 1004 Fraser v State Transport Authority (1985) 39 SASR 57 Hill v Van Erp (1997) 188 CLR 159 at 229 Kondis v State Transport Authority (1984) 154 CLR 672 at 687 Pitt Son & Badgery Ltd v Proulefco (1984) 153 CLR 644 Public Transport Corporation v Sartori [1997] 1 VR 168 Smith v Leurs (1945) 70 CLR 256 at 262 Commissioner for Railways v McDermott [1967] 1 AC 169 at 186. Smith v Leurs (1945) 70 CLR 256 at 262 Dorset Yacht Co v Home Office [1970] AC 1004. Kondis v State Transport Authority (1984) 154 CLR 672 at 687 Hill v Van Erp (1997) 188 CLR 159 at 229 Chomentowski v Red Garter Restaurant Ltd (1970) 92 WN (NSW) 1070 Public Transport Corporation v Sartori [1997] 1 VR 168 Fraser v State Transport Authority (1985) 39 SASR 57 Pitt Son & Badgery Ltd v Proulefco (1984) 153 CLR 644

Recieving and storing (report) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Recieving and storing (report) - Assignment Example In understanding these areas, the study selected a small restaurant which is located in Toronto. The restaurant is a small-scale one and deals with mostly fast foods, which are consumed on a continuous basis by the locals. The restaurant is called stockyards smokehouse and larder. The study will attempt to provide a detailed analysis of the kind of activities which the restaurant is undertaking through information that has been obtained from the management as well as the means through which the business could be improved specifically on its receiving as well as storage procedures. The management together with the supplier of the restaurant has cash on delivery agreement as regards to the reception of the deliveries. Upon arriving with the products at the restaurant, the supplier drops off the products at the back of the restaurant at midday mostly. Reception of these food deliveries is usually by the person washing the dishes or the morning cook who on most does not verify on either the quality or quantity of the products. Deliveries of aprons and rags are made on Tuesday and Friday (Ghiani, 2007).. Duration of the deliveries is usually approximately 1 to 2 minutes and at most is 5 minutes. New products such as rags and pop are received on Tuesday and Wednesday respectively, while dry items for storage such as napkins, boxes and condiments are received on Saturday. Major challenges during reception of the deliveries include reception of goods at a busy time, unavailability of staff to countercheck the quality as well as the quantity of delivery and also limit ed space to store the items delivered. The restaurant uses different storage items for storage of different products with different characteristics. The storage items include walk-in-fridges, smoker freezers, and larder. These storage materials are not adequate and as a result, the restaurant requires additional storage space for refrigeration in order to